Background Research/Individual Idea

The aim of this project is to make a line follower robot is one that follows a black magnetic stripe on a ground without getting off the path and also recognizes road markings at the end of the project.

My idea for the robot is that it will be driven by two motors which will drive the two wheels and the robot will turn by the adjustment of the speeds of the two wheels. To follow the black line, we can use an LDR`s along with Leds. I prefer LDRs (photo resistors) because they are excellent in terms of sensitivity, they can sense not only between two contrasting colours (one dark and one light) but also between two primary colours.

Basically, there is a black line on a white surface, we can use any other color LED, say green, to emit light and LDRs will react to green colour. What happens is the surface, being white, absorbs all the green light emitted by the LED and no light reaches the LDR. The line on the other hand, being black, reflects all the green light falling on it back to the LDR. Using this method significantly increases the sensitivity of the sensor and this is how the robot will follow the path.

To protect the sensors from ambient light, I think that robot`s chassis must be completely closed and the sensors are placed inside where they are shielded from any ambient light interference.Also the robot must have big wheels to have high speed and must not deviate more than 45 degrees.

After the circuit is built, we can program it for line following and to read road markings and execute the appropriate motion